Các nhà nghiên cứu Hy Lạp phát hiện tiêu thụ bữa sáng giàu năng lượng có thể tăng cường sức khỏe tim mạch hiệu quả.
Theo Daily Mail, các nhà nghiên cứu phát hiện ăn ít nhất 400 calo vào bữa sáng làm giảm mức độ tích tụ mảng bám trong động mạch - nguyên nhân chính gây ra bệnh tim.
Các nhà nghiên cứu tại Đại học Kapodistrian (Athens) đã tiến hành đánh giá gần 2.000 người - với độ tuổi trung bình là 63 - ở Corinthia, Hy Lạp.
Những người tham gia được chia thành 3 nhóm dựa trên lượng calo tiêu thụ hàng ngày của họ cho bữa sáng: năng lượng cao (nhiều hơn 20%), năng lượng thấp (5-20%) và bỏ bữa sáng (ít hơn 5%). Trung bình, một phụ nữ cần 2.000 calo mỗi ngày và nam giới là 2.500 calo.
Tổng cộng, 240 người có bữa sáng giàu năng lượng, gần 900 người ăn bữa sáng ít năng lượng và khoảng 680 người thường xuyên bỏ ăn sáng.
Nhóm nghiên cứu không chỉ định rõ thực phẩm nào là tốt nhất cho bữa sáng. Tuy nhiên, họ cho biết phô mai, sữa, ngũ cốc và bánh mì là những thực phẩm chính được những người thuộc nhóm giàu năng lượng tiêu thụ nhiều. Trong khi đó, bữa sáng của những người thuộc nhóm năng lượng thấp thường bao gồm cà phê hoặc sữa ít béo cùng với bánh mì kèm bơ, mật ong, ô-liu hoặc trái cây.
| Ăn một bữa sáng giàu năng lượng với ngũ cốc, bánh mì, phô mai, sữa có thể tăng cường sức khỏe tim mạch của bạn. Ảnh: Dailymail. |
Các nhà nghiên cứu nhận thấy những người ăn bữa sáng nhiều năng lượng có động mạch khỏe mạnh hơn đáng kể so với những người ăn ít hoặc không ăn sáng.
Độ cứng động mạch là bất thường ở 15% người bỏ bữa sáng và 9,5% người ăn bữa sáng ít năng lượng. Trong khi đó, tỷ lệ này ở những người tiêu thụ bữa sáng giàu năng lượng là 8,7%.
Tương tự, nhiều mảng bám được tìm thấy trong các động mạch cảnh - mạch máu lớn ở cổ - của 28% người bỏ bữa sáng. Ngược lại, con số này chỉ là 26% ở những người ăn bữa sáng ít năng lượng và 18% ở những người ăn sáng nhiều năng lượng.
TS Sotirios Tsalamandris, tác giả nghiên cứu, cho biết một bữa sáng giàu năng lượng nên là một phần của lối sống lành mạnh. "Ăn sáng chiếm hơn 20% tổng lượng calo hàng ngày có thể có tầm quan trọng tương đương hoặc thậm chí lớn hơn so với chế độ ăn kiêng cụ thể của một người, chẳng hạn như chế độ ăn Địa Trung Hải, chế độ ăn ít chất béo", TS Sotirios khẳng định.
Trong khi đó, nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy ngồi xem tivi nhiều có liên quan đến việc tăng nguy cơ mắc các vấn đề như huyết áp cao và bệnh tiểu đường. Theo đó, những người xem tivi hơn 21 giờ mỗi tuần có nguy cơ mắc bệnh cao huyết áp cao hơn 68% và bệnh tiểu đường cao hơn 50%.
TS Sotirios khẳng định ngay cả các hoạt động tiêu tốn ít năng lượng, chẳng hạn như giao tiếp với bạn bè hoặc các hoạt động dọn dẹp nhà cửa, có thể có lợi ích đáng kể cho sức khỏe so với thời gian ngồi và xem tivi.
Những phát hiện này sẽ được các nhà khoa học trình bày tại Hội nghị khoa học hàng năm của Đại học Tim mạch Mỹ ở New Orleans vào cuối tháng 3.

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